
Gloria de los Santos January, 2006
Cyanotypes
Cyanotypes can be easily identified by their brilliant blue color. Printed on a high grade of "hot press" watercolor paper, cyanotypes are very hardy and stable. The image stability is excellent and fading is uncommon. These are one-of-a kind prints that have no negative, produced with a very old photographic process. Each Cyanotype is designed with plant materials, pressed into a contact frame and then exposed to intense sunlight. After a thorough washing and drying, the intense blue image appears. Dried plants, leaves, and flowers are used as material for "contact" printing with the light–sensitized paper. All plants used in the images are from my garden in the beautiful Kettle River Valley of Northeastern Washington state.
History – 1840-1915
Originally, cyanotypes were used in conjunction with scientific recordings of mathematical tables, a diverse range of plant specimens and architectural applications. In fact, one of the first female photographers, Anna Atkins, used cyanotypes to print "Cyanotypes of British and Foreign Flowering Plants and Ferns." This was the very first book of printed photographs and text.
The Chemistry
Cyanotype processing involves two stock solutions kept separate from each other in dark glass bottles until required for coating the watercolor paper. Stock Solution "A" uses Ferric Ammonium citrate and Stock Solution "B" uses Potassium Ferricyanide.
This relatively ancient process of "blueprints" or cyanotypes was created in the late 1840s by
John Herschel (1792 - 1871) in 1842. Sir John was an astronomer, trying to find a way of copying his notes.Herschel managed to fix pictures using hyposulphite of soda as early as 1839. In the early days the paper was coated with iron salts and then used in contact printing. The paper was then washed in water and resulted in a white image on a deep blue background. (Apart from the cyanotype process, Herschel also gave us the words photography, negative, positive and snapshot.)
All Cyanotypes exhibited are matted with acid-free mattes and professionally framed.